Black people - Wikipedia. For the novel, see Black Man. For other uses, see Black Woman. Black people is a term used in certain countries, often in socially based systems of racial classification or of ethnicity, to describe persons who are perceived to be dark- skinned compared to other given populations. As such, the meaning of the expression varies widely both between and within societies, and depends significantly on context. For many other individuals, communities and countries, . In a number of countries, societal variables affect classification as much as skin color, and the social criteria for . For example, in North America the term black people is not necessarily an indicator of skin color or ethnic origin, but is instead a socially based racial classification related to being African American, with a family history typically associated with institutionalized slavery. In the United Kingdom, . In South Africa and Latin America, mixed- race people are generally not classified as . Black singles know BlackPeopleMeet.com is the premier online destination for African American dating. To meet black men or black women in your area, sign up today FREE. Online dating for lasting, loving relationships. Register for FREE on eHarmony today & meet wonderful local singles with whom you share true compatibility.
In other regions such as Australasia, settlers applied the term . The people of the region were noted in Classical literature as Mauri, which was subsequently rendered as Moors in English. Others are descendants of the historical Trans- Saharan trade in peoples and/or, and after the Arab invasions of North Africa in the 7th century, descendants of slaves from the Arab Slave Trade in North Africa. Carlos Moore, resident scholar at Brazil's University of the State of Bahia, in the 2. Afro- multiracials in the Arab world, including Arabs in North Africa, self- identify in ways that resemble multi- racials in Latin America. He claims that black- looking Arabs, much like black- looking Latin Americans, consider themselves white because they have some distant white ancestry. In response to an advertisement for an acting position, as a young man he said, . My blackness is tending to reddish. They used more black female slaves in domestic service and agriculture than males. The men interpreted the Qur'an to permit sexual relations between a male master and his female slave outside of marriage (see Ma malakat aymanukum and sex). When an enslaved woman became pregnant with her Arab master's child, she was considered as umm walad or . The child was given rights of inheritance to the father's property, so mixed- race children could share in any wealth of the father. He was not technically considered as a mixed- race child of a slave; his mother was Fulani and a concubine of his father. Such tolerance for black persons, even when technically . The government was accused of . Most of these captives were of Nilotic extraction, and were either purchased by the Tuareg nobles from slave markets in the Western Sudan or taken during raids. Their origin is denoted via the Ahaggar Berber word Ibenheren (sing. These slaves were also sometimes known by the borrowed Songhay term Bella. Outside of these traditional tribal boundaries were . In Ethiopia and Somalia, the slave classes mainly consisted of individuals of Nilotic and Bantu origin who were collectively known as Shanqella and Adone (both denoting . As the European settlers acquired control of territory, they generally pushed the mixed- race and Bantu and Khoisan populations into second- class status. During the first half of the 2. Afrikaaner- dominated government classified the population according to four main racial groups: Black, White, Asian (mostly Indian), and Coloured. The Coloured group included people of mixed Bantu, Khoisan, and European descent (with some Malay ancestry, especially in the Western Cape). The Coloured definition occupied an intermediary political position between the Black and White definitions in South Africa. It imposed a system of legal racial segregation, a complex of laws known as apartheid. The apartheid bureaucracy devised complex (and often arbitrary) criteria in the Population Registration Act of 1. Minor officials administered tests to enforce the classifications. When it was unclear from a person's physical appearance whether the individual should be considered Coloured or Black, the . A pencil was inserted into a person's hair to determine if the hair was kinky enough to hold the pencil, rather than having it pass through, as it would with smoother hair. If so, the person was classified as Black. At age 1. 0, she was expelled from her all- white school. The officials' decisions based on her anomalous appearance disrupted her family and adult life. She was the subject of the 2. Skin, which won numerous awards. During the apartheid era, those classed as . But, they had limited rights and overall had slightly better socioeconomic conditions than those classed as . The government required that Blacks and Coloureds live in areas separate from Whites, creating large townships located away from the cities as areas for Blacks. In the post- apartheid era, the Constitution of South Africa has declared the country to be a . In an effort to redress past injustices, the ANC government has introduced laws in support of affirmative action policies for Blacks; under these they define . Some affirmative action policies favor . Some South Africans categorized as . Chinese people who arrived in the country after the end of apartheid do not qualify for such benefits. Most speak Afrikaans or English as a first language, as opposed to Bantu languages such as Zulu or Xhosa. They also tend to have more European- sounding names than Bantu names. Male slaves were castrated in order to serve as harem guards. The death toll of Black African slaves from forced labor was high. The mixed- race children of female slaves and Arab owners were assimilated into the Arab owners' families under the patrilinealkinship system. As a result, few distinctive Afro- Arab communities have survived in the Arabian Peninsula and neighboring countries. These descendants of the Zanj have sought minority status from the government, which would reserve some seats in Parliament for representatives of their population. Mazrui et al., generally in the Arabian Peninsula and neighboring countries, most of those of visible African descent are still classified and identify as Arab, not black. The vast majority of these, some 1. Beta Israel. Unknown numbers of black converts to Judaism reside in Israel, most of them converts from the United Kingdom, Canada, and the United States. Additionally, there are around 6. Jewish African immigrants in Israel, some of whom have sought asylum. Most of the migrants are from communities in Sudan and Eritrea, particularly the Niger- Congo- speaking Nuba groups of the southern Nuba Mountains; some are illegal immigrants. Other black slaves were transported to Crete, from where they or their descendants later reached the . Once inhabiting Taiwan. The term Negrito itself has come under criticism in countries like Malaysia, where it is now interchangeable with the more acceptable Semang. The common Thai word for Negritos literally means . Indeed, by the time Isidore of Seville came to write his Etymologies, the word Maurus or . They today mainly come from Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, Ghana, Gambia, Mali, Nigeria and Senegal. Additionally, many Afro- Spaniards born in Spain are from the former Spanish colony Equatorial Guinea. Today, there are an estimated 6. Afro- Spaniards in Spain. United Kingdom. According to the Office for National Statistics, at the 2. United Kingdom; 1% of the total population described themselves as . The preferred official umbrella term is . They tend to be from the former and present Dutch overseas territories of Aruba, Bonaire, Cura. The Netherlands also has sizable Cape Verdean and other African communities. Portugal. Eastern Europe. A . Over a period of 4. African students from various countries moved to Russia to pursue higher studies, including many Black Africans. Various state- based Aboriginal Protection Boards were established which had virtually complete control over the lives of Indigenous Australians – where they lived, their employment, marriage, education and included the power to separate children from their parents. A 1. 91. 3 report by Sir Baldwin Spencer states that: the half- castes belong neither to the aboriginal nor to the whites, yet, on the whole, they have more leaning towards the former; . Cecil Cook, the Northern Territory. Protector of Natives, noted that: generally by the fifth and invariably by the sixth generation, all native characteristics of the Australian Aborigine are eradicated. The problem of our half- castes will quickly be eliminated by the complete disappearance of the black race, and the swift submergence of their progeny in the white. In a 1. 96. 7 referendum over 9. Australian population voted to end constitutional discrimination and to include Aborigines in the national census. Activist Bob Maza said: I only hope that when I die I can say I’m black and it’s beautiful to be black. It is this sense of pride which we are trying to give back to the aborigine . This figure pertains to all immigrants to Australia who were born in nations in Africa regardless of race, and includes White Africans. North America. United States. There were eight principal areas used by Europeans to buy and ship slaves to the Western Hemisphere. The number of enslaved people sold to the New World varied throughout the slave trade. As for the distribution of slaves from regions of activity, certain areas produced far more enslaved people than others. Between 1. 65. 0 and 1. West Africans arrived in the Americas from the following regions in the following proportions. Etymologically, negro, noir, n. In its stead, the term colored became the mainstream alternative to negro and its derived terms. After the Civil Rights Movement, the terms colored and negro gave way to . Negro had superseded colored as the most polite word for African Americans at a time when black was considered more offensive. One well- known example is the identification by Reverend Martin Luther King, Jr. During the American Civil Rights Movement of the 1.
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